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JOHN F. FOARD, M. D, 

(Eupeptic Springs, 

IK ED ELL COUNTY, N. C. 
.}fai/ 30, 1875. 

PRICE, Single copy, 



CENTS. 



NORTH AMERICA AND AFRICA, 



THEIR 



PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE, 



\0^ 



BY 

JOHN R FOARD, M. D., 

Hupeptic Sprinfis, 
IMEDELL COUNTY, NORTE CAROLINA, 

May 20tli, 1S75. 



"^ X/<>al' 



J. J. BRUISER, PRINTER, SALISBURY, N. C. 



^ U U9 



Entered according to Act of Congress In the year 1S75, 

By JOHN F. FOAKD, M. D., 

In the Office of the Llhrarian of Congress, at Washington. 



PREFACE 



Ix offering this little *book to the public the writer begs 
leave to say it is written in the interest of humanity. He 
is no politieian; never an office-holder, either civil or mili- 
tary, under any government. For thirty years a hard work- 
er in all the financial and benevolent institutions in his 
reach ; has been a great sufferer in health, spirits, and for- 
tune, from the results of the late war, which he had no hand 
in creating, no power to avert, nor pleasure in its continu- 
ance ; but always viewed it as a great calamity which wise 
statesmen ought to have prevented ; and failing to do so, 
believes the private, hard working citizens should not suffer 
longer for the errors of others, but that after four years of 
devastating war, and ten years of hardships, anxiety and 
distress, we should now be relieved and permitted to spend 
the remnant of our days in the enjoyment of comfort, peace, 
and charitv. 

THE AUTHOR. 



NOETH AMERICA AND AFRICA. 



These two grand divisions of the Eastern and Western 
Hemispheres with their millions of acres of productive lands, 
variety of climate, valuable products, and hundreds of mil- 
lions of human beings must, in due time, become most, im- 
portant fields of operation under God, in the civilization 
and evangilization of the world. The one situated north of 
the Equator between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and 
extending towards the north Pole, containing extensive 
ranges of mountains, expansive lakes, numerous rivers, and 
necessarily a cold country, is adapted to and is destined to 
be occupied by the Anglo Saxon or white race, because of 
their superior energy, thrift, power of endurance, and in- 
domitable will to conquer ; and this important part of the 
Western Hemisphere is rapidly being occupied, cultivated 
and improved by this race, though other races have been in 
possession, or introduced, from time to time. Thus we see 
in about three hundred years from the time this race of peo- 
ple first placed foot upon this Continent, millions of acres 
of forest have been cleared ready for the plowshare of the 
husbandman ; hundreds of cities been built, numerous lakes 
and rivers navigated, thousands of miles of railroads and 



6 North America 



telegraph lines put in successful operation ; school houses, 
colleges and universities, established in every section ; 
churches and benevolent societies scattered all over this vast 
territory ; life, energy and progress are seen and felt in all 
these instruments and institutions. 

In one hundred years a great government has been form- 
ed on this Continent by tliis people, grown and expanded 
into a great nation, extending from the Atlantic to the Pa- 
cific; from the St. Lawrence to the Rio Grande; for which 
the history of the world affords no parallel ; a matter of 
astonishment to ourselves and the world, and we its occu- 
pants can only look up and exclaim — " What hath God 
wrought ^^ in our day and country ! 

Considering all the circumstances which have attended 
us, though the world is six thousand years old, there has 
been more accomplished in a century by our government 
and people, some of whose ancestry were slaves less than 
three thousand years ago, and who lied from persecution in 
search of rest and peace, than any people in any ten centu- 
ries of the world's history. Mow is this to -be accounted 
for? Not by human wisdom or strength alone. For cen- 
turies ago man was learned in the arts and sciences^ to a 
wonderful extent, but depreciated in both until he well nigh 
lost all that he ever possessed. Then we must look to a 
higher and purer source for light to enable us to solve this 
problem : God's providence is all this. 

Since the first act of disobedience on the part of man and 
his consequent fall from his original state of purity and 
likeness of his Creator down through the entire history of 
the world, he has by voluntary acts of transgression aliena- 
ted himself from his God and brought temporal and eternal 



A}\d Africa. 



destruction upon his race. And since the great act of re- 
bellion in building the tower of Babel, the race has been 
divided into different races of different languages, colors, 
habits and customs, each occupying respective parts of the 
earth most suitable to his condition. Thus we see the white 
man occupying the most northern and colder countries, 
while the colored man has occupied the southern and warm- 
er parts of the earth. Africa is situated near and south of 
the Equator — a vast tropical country w^ith millions of acres 
of the most fertile and easily worked level lands along the 
coast, and salubrious mountain country with minerals in the 
interior; from time immemorial the home of the negro race, 
a country made for and peculiarly adapted to the condition, 
nature and habits of that j)eople. The wisdom and provi- 
dence of God may be seen in all these divisions of the race 
of man ; and his location, climate and products of the dif- 
ferent countries for his habitation and culture. For thou- 
sands of years Africa has been the home of the unenlight- 
ened, indolent and savage tribes of people, who were con- 
stantly waring with each other and selling their captives 
into slavery; and until the great Doctor Livingtone explor- 
ed the country and learned the habits of its occupants the 
world was comparatively ignorant of both land and popu- 
lation. Thirty-three years of incessant labor, privation and 
hardshi])S, thoui^ands of dollars and the life of that noble, 
learned, philanthropic, christian man, were expended that 
the world might learn the geography, capabilities, extent, 
and value of that country, and the wants of the people, 
which is (mly a prelude to the redemption of that benighted 
people and valuable country. Both the old and new Testa- 
njcnt scriptures abound in passages indicating the redemp- 
tion of Africa and her children. And to the intelligent 
christian there are visible signs of a speedy approach of the 
great and eventful day when, not onlv A4v;no gJial] hp re- 



8 North America 



deemed, but when the world shall be re-converted into a se- 
cond Eden, and man restore to his former state of purity 
and favor»in the eyes of his Creator. However, before this 
can be done the gospel must be carried to all nations and 
peoples, and Africa and her children will share in this im- 
portant work. " The wolf also shall dwell Avith the lamb, 
and the leopard shall lie down with the kid ; and the calf 
and the young lion and the fatling together ; and a little 
child shall lead them, and the cow and the bear shall feed ; their 
young ones shall lie down together ; and the lion shall eat 
straw like the ox. And the sucking child shall play on the 
hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the 
cockatrice's den. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my 
holy mountain, for the earth shall be full of the knowledge 
of the Lord, as the waters cover the sea.'' The government 
of the United States of America and her people are doubt- 
less to be instruments in the hands of God employed to re- 
deem Africa ; her two hundred millions of benighted peo- 
ple must be enlightened by the efforts of this christian na- 
tion, so full of resources and enterprise. 

" The wilderness and solitary place shall be glad for them 
and the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the rose." 

England has explored Africa and now it is. left to Ameri- 
ca to cultivate it, and the United States government and 
people should be the principal instruments in the civili- 
zation and christianization. Our earliest and most able 
statesmen were of this opinion. Clay, Webster, Everett, 
and many of our leading politicians and others, north and 
south, believed'this, and labored for it in the establisment 
of the American Colonization Society and its auxiliaries, 
and the liberal expenditure of their time and money, the 
fruits of which may be, seen in the establishment of the 



And Africa, 9 



republic of Liberia, on the western coast of Africa — a re- 
public modelled after ours, and which has been in existence 
more than half a century, and is doing much to open up 
the ^^ regions beyond,'' preparatory for a more combined and 
extensive effort on the part of our nation and people. Thus 
a christian nation has been formed in that far off heathen 
land' — has existed for fifty-eight years — been managed by a 
population recently in bondage, and is now ready to receive 
the four millions of recently emancipated slaves of America. 
England has formed a colony, Sierria Leone, south of Libe- 
ria, which is also a success. Those colonies are worked in 
the interest of Christianity and civilization, and are growing 
rapidly and extending their power and influence for good 
far into the interior, and doubtless will do much towards 
giving "more light'' and truth to their benighted brethren. 
But they need helj) ! When we view the enormous task to 
be performed, and the comparatively small results accomp- 
lished, some will coiiclude that the work "can never be 
done." Had Colunihus listened to the Solomons of his day 
America might now be the home and hunting ground of the 
wild Indian instead of the great and growing influential 
christian nation that she is ; and if Fulton had not perse- 
vered in his ideas of steam navigation, contrary to the opin- 
ion of the vast majority of the intelligent people of England 
and America, these o;rand and o-lorious countries mic^htto-dav 
be traversed by horse power and the diminutive stage coach, 
instead of the magnificent steamers which now plough their 
waters, and the convenient and luxurious palace cars that ply 
along their numerous Rail-ways. Columbus and Fulton are 
gone, but their works live to give honor to their memory 
and glory to God. The christian men who formed the Col 
onization societies in Europe and America and the Republic 
in Africa, most of tliem are gone, but their efforts still live 
to bless the world. 



^^ North America 



Those little colonies in Africa have done well to live 
through tlie perils of infancy and youth. Now they need 
help to enable them to enter successfully into a state of ma- 
turity and usefulness; to oi)en roads back into the interior 
to navigate rivers, subdue the forests, open mines of ^old 
and otiicr minerals, reclaim marshes, ascend and cultivate 
mountains and bind together in one homogenous mass the 
many barbarous and warlike tribes of their fatherland • 
teach them their language, civilization, and religion. To do 
tins wiJl require centuries unless aid is offered them Where 
IS that aid to come from ? The poverty of the southern 
states produced by the results of tlie late war render our 
people unable to do much in this great work, and the terrific 
panic which has swept over this entire countrv and was, and 
.JS, stiil felt m Europe, and was the result of our lo'.se'^ is 
preventing people of the north and west from aidinP:"in 
colonizing the American people of color in Africa. Then it 
is seen that the general government is alone able to extend 
the necessary aid for the removal of the colored people. 

They are too poor to go unaided and the white peoplo are 
unable or unwilling to aid them, and the work of coloniza- 
tion must languish as it is doino 



colon I za- 
or receive government as> 



sistance. i hese people luive been liere in a -'slafeof p,n,ij- 
age, and lire now remly to go lienoe on a areat mission of 
nK-.rey and useiulness. Sl.all tlu-y go ? Pharaol, niav «,v 
no! BntGod wdl say go! Cm- " politicians mav wan't 
their votes, planters their labor, and merchants their trade-" 
but all these can be replaced by foreign population from the 
over c-rowocd,sect,ons of EM,..pe ; an.l the vast cleared fields 
o. the south inay be converte.l i„fo grazing lands for herds 
of eattle an.l slieep, or sold in small lots to thrifty imigrants 
who wd ..on.eand Dnng capital and skilled labor: and the 
votes, la.bor and trade of the cohncd people will be needed 



And Africa. 1 1 



in Africa. The local attachment of these people is urged 
by some as a reason v,hy they will not emigrate, and conse- 
quently '^ colonization is impractical ^' with them. This rea- 
son is to be considered worthless when we remember that 
almost all of ihem have been moving from place to place, 
country to country, and state to state since they were eman- 
cipated. 

Open the way for their exodus; show them the advant- 
age to be derived by tiiem and their posterity; give them 
free trans])ortation and homes and a year's support after. ar- 
riving in Africa, and it will require all the idie ships of. the 
world and more, to carry them as fast as they will apply for 
passage. The condition of tliose who remain here would 
be improved by this act. Thousands are now applying to 
the officers of the ditl'erent colonization societies for trans- 
f)ortation and are refused for want of funcis. This aid may 
be given by the Congre^s of the United States without in- 
jury or damage to our remaining population (in fact will 
benefit all classes) by ap})ropriating enough, say sixteen hun- 
dred millions dollars in bonds bearing a low rate of interest 
and maturing at intervals of fwe or ten years during the 
next one lumdred years, the supposed value of the slaves in 
ISGO ; give half of said amount to the American Coloniza- 
tion society to be used in sending all of tlicm who may be 
willing to go, and the other half to their former owners to 
relieve them. An act of this kind is due the southern peo- 
ple of both races, for the reason that we were in no wise re- 
si)onsible for the introduction of domestic slavery, it being 
in existence from the days of xVbraham, and perpetuated by 
the nations of the earth, was introduced into this country in 
colonial times by the parent government for the expressed 
purpose of '^creating revenue," contrary to the protestations 
of the people of the colonies; was recognized by the consti- 



12 North America 



tution of the United States, transferred by sale from the 
northern to the southern states, and formed the great body 
of the wealth of these states; was the bone of contention 
that produced the war which emancipated them and destroy- 
ed much other property for us, and which brought financial 
ruin on the southern people, and was the cause of the late 
panic, felt all over the world ; for it was impossible to ruin 
the south, the producing portion of the nation, without ruin- 
ing other sections and people. The people, the masses, nei- 
ther north or south, east or west, were responsible for the 
war. Politicians who were clamorous for oiflce, paid lectur- 
ers and writers who filled their pockets with European gold 
fanned the flame of abolitionism and dis-union in order to 
put the cheap products of American slave labor out of the 
way of the great, monopoly of the v/orld. The East India 
company, whicii spent millions of dollars in abolishing Af- 
rican slavery in the West Indies and the United States, not 
for the love of the poor slave, but for the accumulation of 
wealth, by lessening the products of these countries which 
would enhance the value of their own. As there are ex- 
ceptions to all rules, of course many philanthropists labored, 
free of charge for their manumission, but did so in a consti- 
tutional and christian way. Emancipation was the result 
of a war forced upon the south in violation of the constitu- 
tion of the U. S., and her people made to acquiesce under du- 
ress vile, which is regarded by all nations as unconstitution- 
al and not magnanimous. 

And the laws of justice and equality as well as interest to 
the public good, v/ouid suggest that the ruined south should 
be re-instated by the general government, at least to some 
extent. England paid her subjects for their slaves, and will 
not the United States do the same ? Spain is now about to 
pay for the slaves liberated in Porto Eica. This act of jus- 



And Africa, 13 



tice and magnanimity, as it would be if passed, would not 
only give timely aid to the colored people and their former 
owners, (which is greatly needed by both), but would by 
reflex action benefit and improve the condition o^ all persons 
in this and other nations by putting more money in circula- 
tion, enhancing the value of property, increasing the de- 
mand for labor, and reviving commerce and trade every- 
where. When three-fifths of the entire property of the 
southern States, the producing portion of the nation, was 
destroyed by a fearful and bloody war of four years dura- 
tion, say nothing of the loss of life of the best of our popula- 
tion, who fell in the conflict, the shock was felt in every 
community of every nation in the civilized world, and must 
continue to be felt until restitution is made, which would 
bring a corresponding tide of peace and prosperity to us and 
to all people of all countries who deal with us. Restitution 
is one of God's laws, and should be observed by Govern- 
ments as well as individuals. Retributive justice overtakes 
nations and individuals when they disregard the law of re- 
stitution. It may be said that the already enormous nation- 
al debt is too great to be increased to the extent required by 
the proposed act, but let it be remembered that this amount 
of money or bonds would be paid to citizens who would use 
them to develope the country and improve the condition of 
the entire people, and the increase of population and wealth 
of the nation in the next hundred years would be so enor- 
mously great that the present and increased debt could be 
paid in instalments so easily as that neither the present nor 
future generations would ever feel it — not by direct taxation, 
but import and export duty. Besides a large national debt 
acts as ligaments or bands to hold a nation together. Such 
an act on the part of our government would greatly cheer 
and animate the drooping spirits of the people of the south 
who have suffered intensely, revive business everywhere, 



^^ Xorth A 



mcnca 



«nd trade of the worwX; ^ .nt"Sle?o?7""" 
and neeessity raised in the IVopios " 1 cf vMoI, '•^"'■' 

~.M l»„<'fi> ,l„„„ .,„,°'™ ■ . t™j/,l1" ,;■'"""" 
Ina »iti, Mtidi ilicv ia\, ' "'""" "" »"" ""«- 

part of this goverrmen t f ^n a n Sn-al T"/ ''''''' 

an avo-rsion to war;:,!:,'';. k\ , ^^Jjf ^^^-'-.f-^ff'- '-ve 
as to pay ti,e entire national deb d r ," th Jexro'T'^"" 
and onr posterity would be iu a cond itio,, tV. • l '7' 
seqond Centennial Anniversary of tle?n- "^ *'" 
that we can now have no e nee .ti4 5? ""*"" "' ' "''""'" 



And Africa. 15 



FOEM OF MEMORIAL TO CONGRESS. 

TO the Honorable Senators and membei-s of the House of Representatlvea 
of the United States In Congress assemhled : We, the citizens of tlie U. States, 
most respectfully petition your Honorable Bodies, to enact a law by which all 
cltizen>s of every section of the United States may be paid for all their property 
destroyed for them by the government and armies of both sides during the late 
war between the States, In Bonds, bearing a low rate of Interest, maturing 
within the next century, and we will ever pray, &c. 

NAMES. I NAMES. 



^ 

5 



The futiire trade of AiVica, if obtained, will be of. vast 
importariee.to America. England, France, Anstria, Prus- 
sia, Egypt, and otiier nations, are on the close look out for 
said trade. By the proposed arrangement onr government 
may secure enough of it to indemnify us fully for m11 nv 
expend in that direction. Will we act in time or wait unt; 
the prize is secured by the other civilized nations of tl." 
earth ? The United States Government has colonized the 
Indians, v/ill she not do as much for a race wlio lias served 
her for a century ? Let the people ask for it and the work 
is done. 



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